CFA’s survey of 100 Internet payday loan sites showed that loans from $200 to $2,500 were available, with $500 the most frequently offered. Finance charges ranged from $10 per $100 up to $30 per $100 borrowed. The most frequent rate was $25 per $100, or 650% annual interest rate (APR) if the loan is repaid in two weeks. Typically loans are due on the borrower’s next payday which can be a shorter term.
Online payday loans are marketed through e-mail, online search, paid ads, and referrals. Typically, a consumer fills out an online application form or faxes a completed application that requests personal information, bank account numbers, Social Security Numbers and employer information. Borrowers fax copies of a check, a recent bank statement, and signed paperwork. The loan is direct deposited into the consumer’s checking account and loan payment or the finance charge is electronically withdrawn on the borrower’s next payday.
“Internet payday loans are dangerous for cash-strapped consumers,” stated Ms. Fox. “They combine the high costs and collection risks of check-based payday loans with security risks of sending bank account numbers and Social Security Numbers over web links to unknown lenders.”
Only 38 sites disclosed the annual interest rates for loans prior to customers completing the application process, while 57 sites quoted the finance charge. The most frequently posted APR was 652%, followed by 780%.
Although loans are due on the borrower’s next payday, many surveyed sites automatically renew the loan, withdrawing the finance charge from the borrower’s bank account and extending the loan for another pay cycle. Sixty-five of the surveyed sites permit loan renewals with no reduction in principal. At some lenders, consumers have to take additional steps to actually repay the loan. After several renewals, some lenders require borrowers to reduce the loan principal with each renewal.
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Contracts from Internet payday lenders include a range of one-sided terms, such as mandatory arbitration clauses, agreements not to participate in class action lawsuits, and agreements not to file for bankruptcy. Some lenders require applicants to agree to keep their bank accounts open until loans are repaid. Others ask for “voluntary” wage assignments even in states where wage assignments are not legal.
If consumers fail to have enough money on deposit to cover the finance charge or repayment, both the payday lender and the bank will impose insufficient funds fees.
Wal-Mart Pitches In for Product Safety
CPSC cites its new Retailer Reporting Model, implemented in conjunction with consumer retailing giant Wal-Mart, as a major reason for the increase in product hazard reporting. Under the new reporting model, Wal-Mart provides CPSC with detailed weekly reports on customer complaints and other incidents involving product safety issues.
“We’re pleased with the increase of consumer product safety data and information we are receiving, which I believe is a result of cooperative efforts between our staff and stakeholders, as well as the new Retailer Reporting Model,” said Chairman Stratton. “This type of information will help us keep more consumers safe in the future.”
CFA advises consumers not to borrow money based on giving a post-dated paper check or electronic access to a bank account as security. Payday loans are too expensive and too hard to repay on the next payday. CFA advises consumers never to transmit bank account numbers, Social Security numbers or other personal financial information via the Internet or by fax to unknown companies. Consumers should shop for lower cost credit, comparing both the dollar finance charge and the APR to get the lowest cost credit available. For help with financial problems, CFA urges consumers to seek credit counseling help or legal assistance.
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